Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo zobuchwepheshe be-quantum sensing, umthelela wazo ekukhiqizeni, nokuthi umkhakha uphokophele kuphi. Uyakholwa noma ungakholwa, i-quantum sensing iwumkhakha wobuchwepheshe obukhona iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 futhi manje isisetshenziswa kabanzi kumalaser afana ne-LIDAR, imaging resonance magnetic (MRI), namaseli e-photovoltaic.
Nakuba umphakathi usujabulela izinzuzo zalobu buchwepheshe, awaziwa njenge-quantum computing okuxoxwa ngayo kabanzi kanye nokuxhumana kwe-quantum. "Inzuzo ye-quantum" evame ukucashunwa ibhekisela emandleni amakhompuyutha e-quantum ukuxazulula izinkinga esikhathini esifushane kakhulu, okwenza izinkinga zangaphambili ezingenzeki neziyinkimbinkimbi zibe nokwenzeka. Ukuxhumana kwe-Quantum kuvame ukuxoxwa ngakho kumongo we-cybersecurity. Zombili lezi zindawo zikhula ngokushesha, kodwa kusasele iminyaka eminingana ukuthi zibe yonke indawo.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuzwa kwe-quantum ama-photonics kanye nezinhlelo ze-solid-state. I-Photonics ibhekana nokushintshwa kokukhanya ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuyilapho amasistimu e-solid state abhekana nezinzwa ezisesimeni se-quantum esaziwayo esishintshayo ngenxa yokusebenzelana nesisusa (lokho ofuna ukukukala). Ngaphakathi kwalezi zindlela, ubuchwepheshe be-quantum sensing buwela ezigabeni ezinhlanu ezihlukene futhi bunamandla ahambisanayo.
(1) I-Quantum Imaging- ukusetshenziswa kwe-quantum lidar/radar ukuthola izinto ezihambayo noma ezifihliwe, nendawo yesicelo eyaziwa kakhulu ukuvikela izwe.
(2) Izinzwa ze-Quantum Electromagnetic- Lezi zinzwa zikala izinkambu eziguquguqukayo zikazibuthe zisebenzisa izikhungo ze-nitrogen, umhwamuko we-athomu, namasekhethi e-superconducting. Zibuye zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokuzivikela, kodwa futhi zisetshenziswa ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, njengama-MRIs.
(3) Amagravimitha& Gama-radiometer- Bakala amandla nokuhlukahluka kwensimu yamandla adonsela phansi, ngokulandelana. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje zifaka izenzakalo ze-geophysical endaweni engaphansi futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wamandla ukuthola izindawo zokugcina amanzi.
(4) Ama-thermometer& Bama-arometers (MukuqinisaTumkhathi& Ai-tmosphericPqinisa,Rngokulandelana)- lawa mathuluzi akhethekile azwela kakhulu kunalawo avame ukusetshenziswa, futhi afinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu ezinhlelweni ezibucayi njengemikhumbi-ngwenya noma izindiza ngokusebenzisa amafu abandayo e-athomu kanye namadivayisi esixhumi esibonakalayo se-quantum superconducting.
(5) NgokuqondileSensingAiziceloWithiQumuntuCukukhipha nomaCama-ommunications nomaA Cinhloso yeBokunye- lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zidinga ukuthuthukiswa njengoba ubuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha be-quantum kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana bukhula.
Ekuqaleni, ubuchwepheshe benzwa be-quantum babusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni esivame ukuyibona namuhla, njengamakhamera edijithali. Isizukulwane esilandelayo sobuchwepheshe be-quantum sensing esizotholakala ngokwezentengiselwano sizozuzisa abakhiqizi ngezindlela eziningi: ngokunikeza ukuzwela okuphezulu kakhulu ezilinganisweni lapho kudingeka khona ukunemba nokunemba, nangokuvela njalo kwezimo ezintsha zokusetshenziswa ku-aerospace, biomedical, chemical. , izimboni zezimoto, nezokuxhumana. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba lezi zinzwa zisebenzisa izici ze-quantum zezinhlelo ukukala izinguquko ezincane zomzimba nezici kulawo masistimu.
Isizukulwane esilandelayo sobuchwepheshe benzwa be-quantum siklanyelwe ukuba sibe sincane, silula, futhi singabizi kakhulu kunosandulela saso, futhi sinikeza ukulungiswa kokulinganisa okuphezulu ngokumangalisayo uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bezinzwa bendabuko. Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi zifaka izilinganiso zokulawula ikhwalithi emikhiqizweni yekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuhlonza amaphutha amancane, izilinganiso eziqinile emikhiqizweni enembayo, nokuhlola okungonakali ngokulinganisa okufihlwe ngaphansi.
Izithiyo zamanje zokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe besizukulwane esilandelayo se-quantum sensing zihlanganisa izindleko zokuthuthukiswa nesikhathi, okungase kubambezele ukutholwa kuyo yonke imboni. Ezinye izinselelo zihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ezintsha nezinhlaka zedatha ezikhona kanye nokumiswa ngendlela efanele embonini - izindaba ezibonisa izinselelo eziningi zokwamukela nokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa. Izimboni ezingazweli kakhulu amanani futhi ezizohlomula kakhulu zizohola. Uma izimboni zezokuvikela, i-biotech, kanye nezimoto sezibonise izinhlelo zokusebenza namacala ebhizinisi alobu buchwepheshe obubucayi, izimo ezengeziwe zokusetshenziswa zizovela njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula futhi bukhula. Izindlela nezindlela zokulinganisa ezinqumweni eziphezulu zizobaluleka nakakhulu njengoba imboni yezokukhiqiza isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze ithuthukise ukunemba nokuvumelana nezimo ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi noma umkhiqizo.
Kubalulekile ukugxila ezinzuzweni ezingatholakala ngokuhlanganisa obunye ubuchwepheshe obuphambili nokuzwa kwe-quantum, njengamanethiwekhi angenawaya. Izimboni eziphathelene nokukhiqiza, ezifana nezokwakha nezimayini, nazo zizohlomula. Uma ubuchwepheshe bungathuthukisa lezi zinzwa zibe zincane futhi zishibhile ngokwanele, zingase zingene ku-smartphone yakho futhi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-30-2024